{"id":38135,"date":"2025-02-04T14:09:56","date_gmt":"2025-02-04T13:09:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/"},"modified":"2026-03-04T22:49:34","modified_gmt":"2026-03-04T21:49:34","slug":"the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/","title":{"rendered":"The Swiss tax system: how does it work for businesses?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Switzerland has long been a preferred choice for entrepreneurs and businesses thanks to its competitive and attractive tax system. This country combines remarkable economic stability with a well-thought-out taxation system, making it an ideal environment for business development. The Swiss tax system is distinguished by its three-tier structure: federal, cantonal, and communal taxes. This organization allows businesses to benefit from unique flexibility, enabling them to choose the canton where they wish to establish themselves based on the tax rates and fiscal advantages offered.<\/p>\n\n<p>By choosing to establish in Switzerland, <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong> have the opportunity to minimize their <strong>tax burden<\/strong> while benefiting from a stable regulatory environment. Some cantons, like <strong>Zug<\/strong> or <strong>Geneva<\/strong>, are known for offering <strong>attractive tax rates<\/strong> and favorable conditions for new <strong>businesses<\/strong>. This regional diversity encourages genuine <strong>tax optimization<\/strong> for those who know how to take advantage of it.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-4-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Overview of the Swiss tax system for businesses.\" class=\"wp-image-29933\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-4-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-4-600x900.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-4-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-4-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-4-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-4.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>In this article, we guide you through the <strong>functioning of the Swiss tax system<\/strong> for <strong>businesses<\/strong>. We explore the main <strong>taxes<\/strong> they must comply with, as well as <strong>strategies<\/strong> to best optimize their <strong>taxation<\/strong>. Whether you are leading a <strong>startup<\/strong> or a <strong>multinational<\/strong>, understanding these mechanisms will allow you to maximize your <strong>tax benefits<\/strong> while ensuring your <strong>company&#8217;s compliance<\/strong> with <strong>Swiss tax regulations<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The functioning of the Swiss tax system for businesses<\/h2>\n\n<p>The <strong>Swiss tax system<\/strong> is based on a three-tier structure: the <strong>federal tax<\/strong>, the <strong>cantonal tax<\/strong>, and the <strong>communal tax<\/strong>. This organization allows for the adaptation of <strong>taxation<\/strong> to the economic specifics of each region, thus offering great flexibility to <strong>businesses<\/strong>. Unlike other countries where taxation is standardized, Switzerland provides <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong> the opportunity to choose the <strong>canton<\/strong> that best suits their needs in terms of <strong>tax rates<\/strong> and <strong>tax benefits<\/strong>. This encourages companies to carefully analyze the available options to optimize their establishment.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Federal income taxes<\/h3>\n\n<p>At the federal level, all <strong>businesses<\/strong> in Switzerland are subject to a <strong>profit tax<\/strong>. The <strong>federal tax rate<\/strong> on <strong>profits<\/strong> is set at <strong>8.5%<\/strong> for capital companies, such as <strong>SARL<\/strong> and <strong>SA<\/strong>. This rate applies uniformly to all businesses, regardless of their location within Swiss territory. It is calculated on the <strong>net profit<\/strong>, meaning after deduction of operating expenses, financial costs, depreciation, and provisions.<\/p>\n\n<p>However, Swiss <strong>taxation<\/strong> is not limited to this federal tax. In fact, the <strong>overall tax rate<\/strong> for <strong>businesses<\/strong> largely depends on cantonal and communal taxes that are added to the federal portion. This <strong>tax structure<\/strong> allows Switzerland to offer an attractive environment for <strong>businesses<\/strong> while meeting the specific needs of the cantons. Thus, although the <strong>federal rate<\/strong> is fixed, <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong> must also consider local taxation to assess their total <strong>tax burden<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cantonal and communal taxes on profits<\/h3>\n\n<p>Cantonal and communal taxes constitute the most variable part of corporate taxation in Switzerland, making the Swiss tax system both attractive and complex. Each canton and commune sets its own tax rates on profits, meaning the total tax rate can vary significantly depending on the company&#8217;s location. In general, the overall rate can range from 11.9% to 21% depending on the cantons.<\/p>\n\n<p>Some cantons like <strong>Zug<\/strong>, <strong>Lucerne<\/strong>, or <strong>Schwyz<\/strong> are known for offering <strong>particularly low tax rates<\/strong>, which attracts many <strong>companies<\/strong> looking to reduce their <strong>tax burden<\/strong>. For example, the canton of <strong>Zug<\/strong> is often favored by <strong>multinationals<\/strong> and <strong>startups<\/strong> due to its very advantageous tax conditions, allowing them to significantly lower their <strong>effective tax rate<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Other cantons like <strong>Geneva<\/strong> or <strong>Zurich<\/strong> also offer interesting <strong>tax advantages<\/strong>, although their <strong>tax rates<\/strong> are sometimes higher. These cantons particularly attract companies looking to benefit from a <strong>dynamic economic environment<\/strong> and access to leading <strong>financial hubs<\/strong>. To offset higher <strong>base rates<\/strong>, some cantons provide <strong>tax deductions<\/strong> or <strong>special schemes<\/strong> for <strong>businesses<\/strong> setting up for the first time or investing in strategic sectors like <strong>research and development (R&amp;D)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>As a result, the <strong>geographical location<\/strong> of the company becomes a strategic factor for optimizing its <strong>taxation<\/strong>. Choosing the canton can allow for specific <strong>tax deductions<\/strong>, reduced rates for <strong>new businesses<\/strong>, or even <strong>preferential regimes<\/strong> for certain types of activities. This gives <strong>companies<\/strong> the opportunity to maximize their <strong>profitability<\/strong> while adapting to a favorable tax framework.<\/p>\n\n<p>In summary, the combination of <strong>federal<\/strong>, <strong>cantonal<\/strong>, and <strong>communal taxes<\/strong> provides <strong>businesses<\/strong> with the ability to choose the most tax-advantageous location. This <strong>flexibility<\/strong> is a real asset for <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong> who wish to benefit from an attractive <strong>fiscal environment<\/strong> while operating in a stable and competitive economic framework.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Overview of the Swiss tax system for businesses.\" class=\"wp-image-29930\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-1-scaled-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The different types of taxes for businesses in Switzerland<\/h2>\n\n<p>In addition to the <strong>corporate income tax<\/strong>, <strong>Swiss companies<\/strong> are subject to several other types of taxes, which vary depending on their size, structure, and industry sector. These taxes contribute to the funding of cantonal and communal infrastructures while enabling the <strong>tax authorities<\/strong> to ensure a stable economic environment. Here are the main taxes that companies must comply with.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Capital tax<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>In addition to the <strong>corporate income tax<\/strong>, <strong>companies<\/strong> must also pay a <strong>capital tax<\/strong> at the cantonal level. This tax is calculated based on the company&#8217;s <strong>equity<\/strong>, which includes the <strong>share capital<\/strong>, <strong>reserves<\/strong>, and <strong>retained earnings<\/strong>. Each canton sets its own <strong>tax rate<\/strong> for this tax, meaning the amount payable varies depending on the company&#8217;s location.<\/p>\n\n<p>The <strong>tax rate<\/strong> for <strong>capital tax<\/strong> generally remains low, ranging from <strong>0.001% to 0.5%<\/strong>, depending on the canton. For example, cantons like <strong>Zug<\/strong> and <strong>Lucerne<\/strong> offer attractive rates, which attract <strong>businesses<\/strong> seeking reduced <strong>tax burdens<\/strong>. This tax plays a complementary role to the <strong>profit tax<\/strong>, thus ensuring a continuous contribution from businesses to the funding of local public services, even in cases of low or no profits.<\/p>\n\n<p>However, it is possible to reduce the impact of this tax through certain <strong>tax deductions<\/strong>. Some cantons offer reductions on the <strong>capital tax<\/strong> to encourage <strong>investments<\/strong> in strategic sectors or to promote the creation of new <strong>businesses<\/strong>. This may particularly involve investments in <strong>innovative technologies<\/strong>, <strong>ecological<\/strong> projects, or <strong>infrastructure<\/strong>. Thus, although the <strong>capital tax<\/strong> represents an additional burden, it can be optimized through good <strong>tax planning<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VAT (Value Added Tax)<\/h3>\n\n<p>The <strong>VAT<\/strong> is an unavoidable tax for <strong>businesses<\/strong> in Switzerland, as it applies to most goods and services produced or sold in the country. The <strong>standard VAT rate in Switzerland<\/strong> is currently <strong>8.1%<\/strong>, but there are <strong>reduced rates<\/strong> for certain categories of products. For example, <strong>foodstuffs<\/strong>, books, and medicines benefit from a reduced rate of <strong>2.6%<\/strong>, while some medical services and cultural services may be exempt.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Companies<\/strong> must register with the <strong>Federal Tax Administration<\/strong> if their annual turnover exceeds <strong>100,000 CHF<\/strong>. Once registered, they are required to charge <strong>VAT<\/strong> on their sales and services. The <strong>collected VAT<\/strong> is then remitted to the tax authorities, after deducting the <strong>VAT<\/strong> paid on business purchases and investments. This deduction system allows <strong>companies<\/strong> to pay <strong>VAT<\/strong> only on the actual <strong>added value<\/strong> they provide.<\/p>\n\n<p>The management of <strong>VAT<\/strong> represents a significant administrative challenge for <strong>businesses<\/strong>. They must ensure compliance with <strong>filing deadlines<\/strong> and maintain accurate accounting of collected and deductible amounts. Poor management of <strong>VAT<\/strong> can lead to sanctions, penalties, or tax adjustments. Therefore, it is essential for businesses to implement rigorous monitoring and, if necessary, seek assistance from a <strong>tax expert<\/strong> to avoid any risk of non-compliance.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-3-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Overview of the Swiss tax system for businesses.\" class=\"wp-image-29932\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-3-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-3-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tax benefits for businesses in Switzerland<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Switzerland<\/strong> is a country that actively encourages the establishment and development of <strong>businesses<\/strong> within its territory through a system of <strong>tax deductions<\/strong> and <strong>financial incentives<\/strong>. These <strong>tax advantages<\/strong> help reduce the <strong>taxable base<\/strong> and thus lighten the overall <strong>tax burden<\/strong> on the company, thereby promoting innovation and job creation. Here are the main opportunities to optimize your company&#8217;s <strong>taxation<\/strong> in Switzerland.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tax deductions and incentives for new businesses<\/h3>\n\n<p>Switzerland offers an attractive environment for startups and SMEs thanks to targeted tax deductions. Companies that invest in research and development (R&amp;D) can benefit from deductions on their innovation expenses. This allows them to reduce their taxable profit, and therefore pay less corporate tax. These deductions apply particularly to investments in advanced technologies, digitalization projects, and ecological solutions.<\/p>\n\n<p>Moreover, certain Swiss cantons, such as <strong>Vaud<\/strong>, <strong>Geneva<\/strong>, or <strong>Basel<\/strong>, offer <strong>temporary tax exemptions<\/strong> for <strong>businesses<\/strong> setting up in their area for the first time. These <strong>exemptions<\/strong> can extend over several years, allowing new <strong>businesses<\/strong> to focus on their <strong>growth<\/strong> without being too heavily impacted by <strong>taxes<\/strong>. This is a significant advantage for <strong>startups<\/strong> that need to reinvest their profits into developing their products or services.<\/p>\n\n<p>These <strong>tax advantages<\/strong> are a real <strong>lever<\/strong> for improving the <strong>profitability<\/strong> of the company, especially during its early years of operation. They help make <strong>Switzerland<\/strong> even more attractive to <strong>investors<\/strong> and <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong> seeking a stable and innovation-friendly environment.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Double taxation agreements and tax optimization<\/h3>\n\n<p>Switzerland has signed numerous double taxation agreements with foreign countries, including France, Germany, and the United States. These agreements aim to prevent companies from being taxed twice on the same income, particularly when profits are made internationally. Thanks to these agreements, Swiss companies can benefit from tax credits or tax exemptions on income earned abroad.<\/p>\n\n<p>The implementation of these <strong>agreements<\/strong> allows <strong>companies<\/strong> to significantly reduce their <strong>overall tax burden<\/strong> and make their <strong>international activities<\/strong> more profitable. For example, if a <strong>Swiss company<\/strong> earns profits in France, it can deduct the tax paid in France from its <strong>corporate tax<\/strong> in Switzerland, thus avoiding <strong>double taxation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>However, to fully benefit from these <strong>double taxation agreements<\/strong>, it is essential to have a good understanding of the tax treaties signed by <strong>Switzerland<\/strong> and to ensure <strong>compliance<\/strong> of declarations with local and international rules. It is recommended to consult a specialized <strong>tax advisor<\/strong> to ensure adherence to procedures and to take advantage of the <strong>tax benefits<\/strong> offered by these agreements.<\/p>\n\n<p>In summary, <strong>Switzerland<\/strong> offers flexible <strong>taxation<\/strong> and <strong>incentives<\/strong> that allow <strong>businesses<\/strong> to structure their <strong>taxation<\/strong> advantageously. With a good understanding of <strong>deductions<\/strong> and <strong>international agreements<\/strong>, <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong> can maximize their <strong>tax efficiency<\/strong> and ensure the <strong>growth<\/strong> of their <strong>business<\/strong> in a development-friendly environment.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-5-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Overview of the Swiss tax system for businesses.\" class=\"wp-image-29934\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-5-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-5-600x900.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-5-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-5-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-5-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/50-Le-systeme-fiscal-suisse-comment-fonctionne-t-il-pour-les-entreprises-5.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hevea Invest<\/strong>: Your ally for navigating the Swiss tax system<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Expertise to simplify your company&#8217;s taxation<\/h3>\n\n<p>Understanding the <strong>Swiss tax system<\/strong> and knowing how to take advantage of <strong>tax benefits<\/strong> can be complex for many <strong>businesses<\/strong>. With its cantonal specifics and various levels of <strong>taxation<\/strong>, it is crucial to have appropriate support to optimize your <strong>tax burden<\/strong>. This is where <strong><strong>Hevea Invest<\/strong><\/strong> comes in to ease the journey for <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>As a specialist in <strong>corporate taxation in Switzerland<\/strong>, <strong><strong>Hevea Invest<\/strong><\/strong> guides you through every step of creating and developing your business, helping you choose the <strong>canton<\/strong> best suited to your needs. From selecting the most favorable <strong>tax rates<\/strong> to understanding <strong>double taxation agreements<\/strong>, <strong>Hevea Invest<\/strong> leverages its expertise to help you make the best decisions.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tailored support for optimized taxation<\/h3>\n\n<p>With an in-depth understanding of Swiss tax specifics, <strong><strong>Hevea Invest<\/strong><\/strong> helps <strong>businesses<\/strong> identify the most relevant <strong>tax deductions<\/strong> and <strong>exemptions<\/strong> for their operations. Whether you are a <strong>startup<\/strong> or a <strong>multinational<\/strong>, the Hevea Invest team works alongside you to maximize <strong>tax benefits<\/strong> and reduce your <strong>tax costs<\/strong>, while ensuring your <strong>company<\/strong> complies with local requirements.<\/p>\n\n<p>By partnering with <strong>Hevea Invest<\/strong>, you gain a trusted ally to navigate the <strong>Swiss tax system<\/strong> with ease, allowing you to focus your efforts on the <strong>growth<\/strong> and <strong>success<\/strong> of your entrepreneurial venture.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n<p>The <strong>Swiss tax system<\/strong> offers <strong>businesses<\/strong> a particularly competitive framework, combining <strong>advantageous tax rates<\/strong>, a three-tier structure (federal, cantonal, and communal), and numerous <strong>tax optimization opportunities<\/strong>. By adapting the <strong>tax rates<\/strong> to the specifics of each <strong>canton<\/strong>, Switzerland allows <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong> to choose the best location for their <strong>business<\/strong>, while benefiting from <strong>tax deductions<\/strong> and incentives to promote <strong>growth<\/strong> and <strong>innovation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Moreover, the presence of <strong>double taxation agreements<\/strong> simplifies tax relations with foreign countries, allowing <strong>businesses<\/strong> to expand their activities internationally without facing <strong>double taxation<\/strong>. This ability to combine <strong>economic stability<\/strong> and <strong>tax flexibility<\/strong> makes Switzerland a preferred destination for <strong>entrepreneurs<\/strong> and <strong>investors<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Whether it&#8217;s for a <strong>startup<\/strong> seeking <strong>tax deductions<\/strong> for <strong>research and development<\/strong>, a <strong>multinational<\/strong> aiming to optimize its <strong>international revenues<\/strong>, or an <strong>SME<\/strong> looking for a stable economic environment, <strong>Switzerland<\/strong> offers an ideal setting to thrive. Understanding the nuances of <strong>Swiss taxation<\/strong> thus allows <strong>businesses<\/strong> to maximize their strengths and secure their <strong>long-term sustainability<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Questions &#8211; Answers<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730292909554\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>How does the Swiss tax system work for businesses?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The <strong>Swiss tax system<\/strong> is based on three levels of taxation: federal, cantonal, and communal. Each level levies its own taxes on <strong>businesses<\/strong>, allowing for great flexibility in <strong>tax rates<\/strong>. <strong>Entrepreneurs<\/strong> can choose to domicile their <strong>business<\/strong> in the canton that offers the most favorable <strong>tax conditions<\/strong> for their activity. This diversity allows for numerous <strong>tax optimization<\/strong> opportunities, but also requires a good understanding of each canton&#8217;s specifics to maximize <strong>tax benefits<\/strong>.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730292931407\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What are the corporate tax rates in Switzerland?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The <strong>tax rates<\/strong> for <strong>companies<\/strong> range from <strong>11.9%<\/strong> to <strong>21%<\/strong> depending on the canton of domicile. These rates include <strong>federal taxes<\/strong>, which are uniform, as well as <strong>cantonal and municipal taxes<\/strong>, which vary from place to place. This variation allows <strong>companies<\/strong> to choose their headquarters based on the <strong>overall rates<\/strong> that best match their <strong>tax management<\/strong> strategy. Cantons with lower <strong>tax rates<\/strong> are often preferred to reduce the <strong>tax burden<\/strong> and maximize <strong>profitability<\/strong>.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730292943575\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>How can a company benefit from tax advantages in Switzerland?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">To benefit from <strong>tax advantages<\/strong> in Switzerland, <strong>companies<\/strong> can take advantage of various <strong>tax deductions<\/strong>, including those related to <strong>R&amp;D investments<\/strong> (research and development). Expenses related to innovation and digitalization can be deducted from the <strong>taxable profit<\/strong>, thus reducing the <strong>corporate tax<\/strong>. Additionally, some cantons offer <strong>temporary exemptions<\/strong> from tax for newly established <strong>companies<\/strong>, which can ease the <strong>tax burden<\/strong> during the initial years of operation.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730292955599\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What is the VAT rate in Switzerland?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The <strong>standard VAT rate<\/strong> in Switzerland is <strong>8.1%<\/strong>. However, <strong>reduced rates<\/strong> apply to certain products and services, such as <strong>foodstuffs<\/strong> (2.6%) and certain medical services (0%). <strong>Businesses<\/strong> that exceed an <strong>annual turnover<\/strong> of <strong>100,000 CHF<\/strong> must register with the <strong>Federal Tax Administration<\/strong> to charge <strong>VAT<\/strong> on their sales. The <strong>collected VAT<\/strong> must then be remitted to the tax authorities, after deducting the <strong>VAT<\/strong> paid on business purchases.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730292965311\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What is the capital tax in Switzerland?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The <strong>capital tax<\/strong> is a cantonal tax levied on the <strong>equity<\/strong> of the company, including <strong>share capital<\/strong>, <strong>reserves<\/strong>, and <strong>retained earnings<\/strong>. The rates of this tax vary from one canton to another, generally between <strong>0.001%<\/strong> and <strong>0.5%<\/strong>. Although it represents an additional burden, this tax is often less significant than the <strong>profit tax<\/strong> and can be optimized through certain <strong>tax deductions<\/strong>. It constitutes an important contribution to the financing of cantonal services, even for companies showing reduced profits.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730292975551\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What is a double taxation agreement?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">A <strong>double taxation agreement<\/strong> is a treaty signed between Switzerland and another country to prevent <strong>businesses<\/strong> from being taxed twice on the same <strong>income<\/strong>. These agreements allow <strong>businesses<\/strong> to benefit from <strong>tax credits<\/strong> or <strong>tax exemptions<\/strong> on <strong>income<\/strong> earned abroad. This encourages <strong>international investments<\/strong> and enables <strong>Swiss businesses<\/strong> to reduce their <strong>tax burden<\/strong> while complying with the obligations of both signatory countries. Switzerland has concluded many such agreements, notably with European countries and the United States.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730292985047\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Which cantons offer the lowest tax rates in Switzerland?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Some cantons, like <strong>Zoug<\/strong>, <strong>Schwyz<\/strong>, and <strong>Lucerne<\/strong>, are known for offering some of the lowest <strong>tax rates<\/strong> in Switzerland. These cantons attract many <strong>businesses<\/strong> seeking a <strong>light tax burden<\/strong> and a growth-friendly environment. <strong>Entrepreneurs<\/strong> looking to reduce their <strong>effective tax rate<\/strong> often favor these cantons, where <strong>tax burdens<\/strong> can be significantly lower than the national average.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730293025391\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Which companies have to pay VAT in Switzerland?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Companies with an annual turnover exceeding 100,000 CHF must register for VAT in Switzerland and charge it on their sales. This applies to most corporations and service providers operating within Swiss territory. Once registered, companies must remit the collected VAT to the tax authorities, after deducting the VAT they have paid on their business purchases. However, small businesses below this threshold may be exempt from this obligation.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730293036047\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Is it possible to choose the tax canton in Switzerland?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes, companies can freely choose the canton where they wish to establish their headquarters, allowing them to benefit from the most favorable tax conditions. This freedom of choice is a strategic advantage for entrepreneurs, enabling them to optimize their taxes by selecting a canton offering lower tax rates or specific tax benefits, such as deductions for investments or innovation incentives.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1730293045614\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>How to Reduce Your Tax Burden in Switzerland?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>Companies<\/strong> can reduce their <strong>tax burden<\/strong> in Switzerland by taking advantage of <strong>tax deductions<\/strong> for <strong>R&amp;D investments<\/strong>, <strong>temporary exemptions<\/strong> offered by certain cantons, and <strong>double taxation agreements<\/strong> to avoid <strong>multiple taxation<\/strong>. Additionally, rigorous management of <strong>VAT<\/strong> and good planning of <strong>cantonal taxation<\/strong> can help decrease the <strong>taxes<\/strong> payable. Consulting a <strong>tax expert<\/strong> can also assist in identifying the best strategies to optimize the company&#8217;s <strong>taxation<\/strong> while complying with <strong>legal standards<\/strong>.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Switzerland has long been a preferred choice for entrepreneurs and businesses thanks to its competitive and attractive tax system. This country combines remarkable economic stability with a well-thought-out taxation system, making it an ideal environment for business development. The Swiss tax system is distinguished by its three-tier structure: federal, cantonal, and communal taxes. This organization [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-taxation-and-tax-benefits"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Swiss tax system: how does it work for businesses? - Heveainvest<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover how the Swiss tax system works for businesses, its tax rates, and the tax benefits offered by the cantons.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/\" \/>\n<meta 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businesses?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The <strong>Swiss tax system<\\\/strong> is based on three levels of taxation: federal, cantonal, and communal. Each level levies its own taxes on <strong>businesses<\\\/strong>, allowing for great flexibility in <strong>tax rates<\\\/strong>. <strong>Entrepreneurs<\\\/strong> can choose to domicile their <strong>business<\\\/strong> in the canton that offers the most favorable <strong>tax conditions<\\\/strong> for their activity. This diversity allows for numerous <strong>tax optimization<\\\/strong> opportunities, but also requires a good understanding of each canton's specifics to maximize <strong>tax benefits<\\\/strong>.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292931407\",\"position\":2,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292931407\",\"name\":\"What are the corporate tax rates in Switzerland?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The <strong>tax rates<\\\/strong> for <strong>companies<\\\/strong> range from <strong>11.9%<\\\/strong> to <strong>21%<\\\/strong> depending on the canton of domicile. These rates include <strong>federal taxes<\\\/strong>, which are uniform, as well as <strong>cantonal and municipal taxes<\\\/strong>, which vary from place to place. This variation allows <strong>companies<\\\/strong> to choose their headquarters based on the <strong>overall rates<\\\/strong> that best match their <strong>tax management<\\\/strong> strategy. Cantons with lower <strong>tax rates<\\\/strong> are often preferred to reduce the <strong>tax burden<\\\/strong> and maximize <strong>profitability<\\\/strong>.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292943575\",\"position\":3,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292943575\",\"name\":\"How can a company benefit from tax advantages in Switzerland?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"To benefit from <strong>tax advantages<\\\/strong> in Switzerland, <strong>companies<\\\/strong> can take advantage of various <strong>tax deductions<\\\/strong>, including those related to <strong>R&amp;D investments<\\\/strong> (research and development). Expenses related to innovation and digitalization can be deducted from the <strong>taxable profit<\\\/strong>, thus reducing the <strong>corporate tax<\\\/strong>. Additionally, some cantons offer <strong>temporary exemptions<\\\/strong> from tax for newly established <strong>companies<\\\/strong>, which can ease the <strong>tax burden<\\\/strong> during the initial years of operation.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292955599\",\"position\":4,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292955599\",\"name\":\"What is the VAT rate in Switzerland?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The <strong>standard VAT rate<\\\/strong> in Switzerland is <strong>8.1%<\\\/strong>. However, <strong>reduced rates<\\\/strong> apply to certain products and services, such as <strong>foodstuffs<\\\/strong> (2.6%) and certain medical services (0%). <strong>Businesses<\\\/strong> that exceed an <strong>annual turnover<\\\/strong> of <strong>100,000 CHF<\\\/strong> must register with the <strong>Federal Tax Administration<\\\/strong> to charge <strong>VAT<\\\/strong> on their sales. The <strong>collected VAT<\\\/strong> must then be remitted to the tax authorities, after deducting the <strong>VAT<\\\/strong> paid on business purchases.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292965311\",\"position\":5,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292965311\",\"name\":\"What is the capital tax in Switzerland?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The <strong>capital tax<\\\/strong> is a cantonal tax levied on the <strong>equity<\\\/strong> of the company, including <strong>share capital<\\\/strong>, <strong>reserves<\\\/strong>, and <strong>retained earnings<\\\/strong>. The rates of this tax vary from one canton to another, generally between <strong>0.001%<\\\/strong> and <strong>0.5%<\\\/strong>. Although it represents an additional burden, this tax is often less significant than the <strong>profit tax<\\\/strong> and can be optimized through certain <strong>tax deductions<\\\/strong>. It constitutes an important contribution to the financing of cantonal services, even for companies showing reduced profits.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292975551\",\"position\":6,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.heveainvest.com\\\/en\\\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\\\/#faq-question-1730292975551\",\"name\":\"What is a double taxation agreement?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"A <strong>double taxation agreement<\\\/strong> is a treaty signed between Switzerland and another country to prevent <strong>businesses<\\\/strong> from being taxed twice on the same <strong>income<\\\/strong>. These agreements allow <strong>businesses<\\\/strong> to benefit from <strong>tax credits<\\\/strong> or <strong>tax exemptions<\\\/strong> on <strong>income<\\\/strong> earned abroad. This encourages <strong>international investments<\\\/strong> and enables <strong>Swiss businesses<\\\/strong> to reduce their <strong>tax burden<\\\/strong> while complying with the obligations of both signatory countries. 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on three levels of taxation: federal, cantonal, and communal. 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This variation allows <strong>companies<\/strong> to choose their headquarters based on the <strong>overall rates<\/strong> that best match their <strong>tax management<\/strong> strategy. 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Expenses related to innovation and digitalization can be deducted from the <strong>taxable profit<\/strong>, thus reducing the <strong>corporate tax<\/strong>. Additionally, some cantons offer <strong>temporary exemptions<\/strong> from tax for newly established <strong>companies<\/strong>, which can ease the <strong>tax burden<\/strong> during the initial years of operation.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730292955599","position":4,"url":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730292955599","name":"What is the VAT rate in Switzerland?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The <strong>standard VAT rate<\/strong> in Switzerland is <strong>8.1%<\/strong>. However, <strong>reduced rates<\/strong> apply to certain products and services, such as <strong>foodstuffs<\/strong> (2.6%) and certain medical services (0%). <strong>Businesses<\/strong> that exceed an <strong>annual turnover<\/strong> of <strong>100,000 CHF<\/strong> must register with the <strong>Federal Tax Administration<\/strong> to charge <strong>VAT<\/strong> on their sales. 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These agreements allow <strong>businesses<\/strong> to benefit from <strong>tax credits<\/strong> or <strong>tax exemptions<\/strong> on <strong>income<\/strong> earned abroad. This encourages <strong>international investments<\/strong> and enables <strong>Swiss businesses<\/strong> to reduce their <strong>tax burden<\/strong> while complying with the obligations of both signatory countries. Switzerland has concluded many such agreements, notably with European countries and the United States.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730292985047","position":7,"url":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730292985047","name":"Which cantons offer the lowest tax rates in Switzerland?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Some cantons, like <strong>Zoug<\/strong>, <strong>Schwyz<\/strong>, and <strong>Lucerne<\/strong>, are known for offering some of the lowest <strong>tax rates<\/strong> in Switzerland. These cantons attract many <strong>businesses<\/strong> seeking a <strong>light tax burden<\/strong> and a growth-friendly environment. <strong>Entrepreneurs<\/strong> looking to reduce their <strong>effective tax rate<\/strong> often favor these cantons, where <strong>tax burdens<\/strong> can be significantly lower than the national average.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730293025391","position":8,"url":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730293025391","name":"Which companies have to pay VAT in Switzerland?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Companies with an annual turnover exceeding 100,000 CHF must register for VAT in Switzerland and charge it on their sales. This applies to most corporations and service providers operating within Swiss territory. Once registered, companies must remit the collected VAT to the tax authorities, after deducting the VAT they have paid on their business purchases. However, small businesses below this threshold may be exempt from this obligation.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730293036047","position":9,"url":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730293036047","name":"Is it possible to choose the tax canton in Switzerland?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Yes, companies can freely choose the canton where they wish to establish their headquarters, allowing them to benefit from the most favorable tax conditions. This freedom of choice is a strategic advantage for entrepreneurs, enabling them to optimize their taxes by selecting a canton offering lower tax rates or specific tax benefits, such as deductions for investments or innovation incentives.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730293045614","position":10,"url":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/the-swiss-tax-system-how-does-it-work-for-businesses\/#faq-question-1730293045614","name":"How to Reduce Your Tax Burden in Switzerland?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<strong>Companies<\/strong> can reduce their <strong>tax burden<\/strong> in Switzerland by taking advantage of <strong>tax deductions<\/strong> for <strong>R&amp;D investments<\/strong>, <strong>temporary exemptions<\/strong> offered by certain cantons, and <strong>double taxation agreements<\/strong> to avoid <strong>multiple taxation<\/strong>. Additionally, rigorous management of <strong>VAT<\/strong> and good planning of <strong>cantonal taxation<\/strong> can help decrease the <strong>taxes<\/strong> payable. Consulting a <strong>tax expert<\/strong> can also assist in identifying the best strategies to optimize the company's <strong>taxation<\/strong> while complying with <strong>legal standards<\/strong>.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38135"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38137,"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38135\/revisions\/38137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.heveainvest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}